科技

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The main technology interface

Menu technology.png Technology represents the discovery, improvement, and implementation of new tools, techniques, and customs that give a wide variety of powerful bonuses across every field. Technologically advanced nations will field a more effective military, make more efficient use of their pops and resources, and be able to create a more stable and loyal realm, while those that fall behind will find it increasingly difficult to keep up with their peers. All technologies fall into one of four fields - Military power.png martial, Civic power.png civic, Oratory power.png oratory and Religious power.png religious - and can be divided between generic advances that gain progress from generation of Research points.png research points by Pop noble.png nobles and Pop citizen.png citizens, and the more specific Invention.png inventions that can be adopted by spending the Invention.png innovations that advances grant. The main technology interface can be accessed though the Menu technology.png technology tab in the side menu bar.

Advances

Advances represent the general level of knowledge and technology that the country has reached. They provide a baseline level of modifiers from increased technology and each advance grants Invention.png 1 innovation that can be used to unlock an invention. There is no cap in the maximum level of advances that can be achieved, though ahead-of-time penalties will effectively give a soft cap to the level of advances that is realistically possible to achieve. Advances are slowly researched over time based on the amount of Research points.png research points that a country produces in proportion to its Integrated.png integrated culture population, subject to many different modifiers that can further increase or decrease the speed at which research progress is accumulated.

Starting advances level

Each country starts with a predetermined level of technological advances, usually determined by their culture and civilization level, along with a number of unused Invention.png innovations corresponding to its starting advances level (if applicable).

The following countries/cultures start with all advances at level 2 (with Invention.png 8 starting innovations):

  • Italic culture group (except Ligurian, Venetic, and Rhaetian)
  • Hellenistic culture group (except 卡帕多基亚的国旗 卡帕多基亚 and 帕提亚的国旗 帕提亚)
  • Lycian culture
  • Bithynian culture
  • Punic and Phoenician culture
  • Assyrian and Babylonian culture
  • Median culture
  • Tamil culture (if coastal)
  • Magadhi, Shauraseni, Gandhari, Avanti, and Lankan culture
  • 阿普利亚的国旗 阿普利亚

The following countries/cultures start with all advances at level 1 (with Invention.png 4 starting innovations):

All other countries start with no advances (level 0) or innovations.

Research

Research points

Research points.png Research points represent the contribution of pops towards the technological and intellectual advancement of the country, and are summed up over every pop in every owned territory every month to get the total research points for the state. Research points are generated exclusively by Pop noble.png nobles and Pop citizen.png citizens, who produce a base output of 0.5 and 0.2 research points, respectively, each month at Happiness.png 100% happiness. Therefore, research point production is also affected by Noble output noble output and Pop citizen output.png citizen output as well as Research points.png research point modifiers, and is also heavily dependent on the Noble ratio Pop citizen ratio.png proportion and Noble happiness Pop citizen happiness.png happiness of nobles and citizens in the country. This means that in addition to directly maximizing research point production (such as by building Library libraries and increasing overall Population output population output with Foundry foundries and raising Civilization.png civilization level), increasing Noble ratio noble ratio and Pop citizen ratio.png citizen ratio directly through laws and Academy academies and Court of Law courts of law or indirectly by building more and larger Territory city.png cities (as nobles and citizens do not exist in appreciable numbers in settlements) are also an effective longer-term solution towards increasing research point production. Large cities and metropolises are usually the largest source of research points in the middle to late game, as the stacking effects of Academy academies and Court of Law courts of law as well as general Civilization.png civilization level increases from buildings means that they usually have both the highest proportion of nobles and citizens and the highest happiness and research point production per noble/citizen, though population capacity means that larger empires will still need a significant number of cities to produce enough research.

Monthly research

Monthly research is the base value of research progress for all four fields and is obtained by dividing research efficiency by 192, corresponding to a base time of 192 months (16 years) for each advance. The baseline research efficiency cap of 125% initially caps monthly research at 0.65%, with the maximum possible research efficiency of 250% giving a highest possible base monthly research of 1.30%.

Research progress

Research progress is the actual monthly progress in each field of advances. The base value is the monthly research, which is then modified by the field-specific research speed modifier. The Technology speed technology speed modifier affects the research speed in all fields, while the field-specific technology modifiers (Military tech investment.png military tech investment, Civic tech investment.png civic tech investment, Oratory tech investment.png oratory tech investment, and Religious tech investment.png religious tech investment) are applied only to the research speed of one specific field. Modifiers to research speed can come from various deity bonuses and omens, country heritages, trade goods, and event/mission modifiers, but the main component of research speed for each field will typically be the attribute of the field's researcher corresponding to the field. The behind/ahead of time modifier is applied multiplicatively after all the other modifiers, and gives a -0.75% malus for each year ahead and +0.75% bonus for each year behind the country is compared to the benchmark of 1 advance every 16 years after the start of the game. Certain events can also directly increase the amount of research progress accumulated in a particular field.

An advance will be researched once the total research progress for that field reaches 100%, with any overflow carried over for the next advance. The progress and effects (including unlocked inventions) of the next advance in each field can be viewed in the tooltip of the corresponding progress bar.

Research efficiency

Research efficiency is the ratio of research points produced per year to Integrated.png integrated culture population and the main component of the actual research progress each month, meaning that larger countries generally need higher research point generation in order to keep up with research. It is calculated according to the following formula:

[math]\displaystyle{ \text{Research efficiency}=\frac{\text{Research Points}\cdot 12}{\text{Integrated Culture Population}}\cdot 100% }[/math]

Generally, it is desirable to keep research efficiency at at least 80% in order to research advances at a reasonable pace. Research efficiency has a baseline cap of 125%, modified by the Research points.png maximum research efficiency modifier. Each of the following inventions gives Research points.png +25% maximum research efficiency, giving a maximum of 250% research efficiency if all of them are adopted:

  • Invention.png Embracing Philosophy (Civic faction Civic Invention)
  • Invention.png Stoicism (Civic faction Civic Invention, requires Policy cultural assimilation.png Hellenistic Integrated.png primary or integrated culture)
  • Invention.png Book Binding (Oratory power.png Oratory Invention)
  • Invention.png Theological Colleges (Religious faction Religious Invention)
  • Invention.png Scribae (Religious faction Religious Invention)

Even though research efficiency is capped, it can still be useful to try to push the research points to population ratio higher in order to provide a buffer when assimilating pops or integrating new territory. Small, highly urbanized city-states will generally have a much higher research efficiency than sprawling empires with many rural pops, though it is possible to have a high research efficiency even with the largest empires so long as the major cities are sufficiently large and research-focused, of which growth through enslavement, migration, and continued Territory city.png urbanization will typically be needed to keep up.

As the denominator of research efficiency is based on the Integrated.png integrated culture population, not the total population, it is also possible to get high research efficiency by keeping a relatively small core of integrated culture pops compared to the empire's total output - especially useful is conquering foreign areas with significant numbers of Pop noble.png nobles and Pop citizen.png citizens, as they will produce Research points.png research points but not count against the denominator for research efficiency. However, the lower happiness of unintegrated culture pops, and particularly those of the higher classes that produce research, generally means that more care has to be taken to ensure their Happiness.png happiness and keep Unrest.png unrest under control compared to integrating them.

Researchers

Each technology field can have one researcher assigned to it, who leads the research efforts in that field and has a significant influence on how quickly advances in that field progress, giving a +10% research speed boost for each attribute point corresponding to the field (Military power.png martial for military advances, Civic power.png finesse for civic advances, Oratory power.png charisma for oratory advances, and Religious power.png zeal for religious advances). Like all other jobs and offices, holding the researcher position counts towards Prominence.png prominence, Family prestige family prestige, Power base power base, and the Position number of positions that a major family expects to hold.

Fields

The modifiers for a single level of advances in each field are listed below. Each level provides an additional modifier on top of the previous ones already accumulated.

Military power.png Martial Advances

  • Land morale.png +0.075 Morale of Armies
  • Naval morale.png +0.075 Morale of Navies
  • Army maintenance cost.png +2.5% Legion Maintenance Cost
  • Navy maintenance cost.png +2.5% Navy Maintenance Cost

Civic power.png Civic Advances

  • Population capacity +1% Population Capacity
  • Monthly food.png +1% Global Monthly Food Modifier

Oratory power.png Oratory Advances

  • Civilization.png +0.5% Country Civilization Value

Religious power.png Religious Advances

  • Omen.png +1% Omen Power

Inventions

主条目:Invention

Invention.png 发明 代表着特定的技术或做法,可以被国家采用,以获得特定的军事、经济或政治效果和奖金。每一项发明都与特定领域的进步相关联,其结构是树的一部分,大多数发明都需要先决条件,必须先采用后才能采取下一项发明。发明是通过花费Invention.png 革新来采纳的,主要从技术进步中获得(每一级给予一个革新),以及从一些Military tradition.png 军事传统、Menu mission.png菜单任务和事件中获得。

References


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国内政策 国家属性人物内战文化政府传承法律国家理念职位叛乱宗教科技
经济政策 建筑经济食物奇观人口贸易商品
省份 区域省份领土殖民地产
军事 军事传统陆军陆军单位陆战海军围城海战
对外政策 条约战争宣战理由宣称外交附属国蛮族
脚本 事件决议使命
其他 成就对手国家游戏配置